This page is very much a work in progress and should not be treated as any definitive study guide.
Anatomy and Physiology Resources
This course includes all of the same topics of BIO 168 and BIO 169, but sometimes with less detail and depth. |
BIO 163 Basic Anatomy and Physiology. This course provides a basic study of the structure and function of the human body. Topics include a basic study of the body systems as well as an introduction to homeostasis, cells, tissues, nutrition, acid-base balance, and electrolytes. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate a basic understanding of the fundamental principles of anatomy and physiology and their interrelationships.
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BIO 168 Human Anatomy and Physiology I. This course provides a comprehensive study of the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Topics include body organization, homeostasis, cytology, histology, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems and special senses. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an in-depth understanding of principles of anatomy and physiology and their interrelationships.
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BIO 169 Human Anatomy and Physiology II. This course provides a continuation of the comprehensive study of the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Topics include the endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems as well as metabolism, nutrition, acid-base balance, and fluid and electrolyte balance. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an in-depth understanding of principles of anatomy and physiology and their interrelationships.
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Topic 1: Introduction to A&P
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Overview of Body Systems
Learning Target
- I can... define and distinguish between anatomy and physiology.
- I can... associate organs and functions with each body system and locate organs in a dissectible human torso model.
Vocab - Body Systems
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Anatomical Directions, Planes, and Regions
Learning Target
- I can... select, differentiate, and label the appropriate terms for identifying anatomical directions, anatomical planes, and anatomical regions on the human body.
Vocab - Anatomical Directions
anatomical position anterior (ventral) vs. posterior (dorsal) deep vs. superficial distal vs. proximal ipsilateral vs. contralateral lateral vs. medial superior/cranial vs. inferior/caudal Vocab - Anatomical Planes
frontal (coronal) plane oblique plane sagittal and midsagittal (vertical) plane transverse (horizontal) plane Vocab - Anatomical Regions
abdominal quadrants abdominal regions |
Body Cavities and Membranes
Learning Target
- I can... locate and name the major body cavities and identify the membranes associated with each cavity.
Vocab - Body Cavities and Membranes
abdominal cavity abdominopelvic cavity cranial cavity diaphragm dorsal cavity mediastinum meninges parietal vs. visceral membranes pelvic cavity pericardial cavity and pericardium peritoneal cavity and peritoneum pleural cavity and pleura retroperitoneal vs. intraperitoneal vs. subperitoneal serous membranes thoracic cavity ventral cavity vertebral cavity |
Homeostasis
Learning Target (Lecture)
- I can... relate the functions of positive and negative feedback systems to the homeostasis of the human body.
Vocab - Homeostasis
control center effector homeostasis negative feedback normal range positive feedback receptor response set point stimulus variable |
Topic 2: Cells
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Microscopes
Learning Targets (Lab)
- I can… differentiate and demonstrate the use of the major functional parts of a compound light microscope.
- I can… prepare simple wet mount microscope slides.
Vocabulary - Microscopes
coarse adjustor vs. fine adjustor condenser, diaphragm, and aperture eyepiece (oculars) head, arm, and base objectives (low vs. medium vs. high power) stage, stage clips, and stage adjustors |
Cell Structures
Learning Targets
- I can... name, locate, and differentiate the functions of the components of a generic animal cell.
Resources
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Vocabulary - Cells
cell membrane centrosome / centriole / MTOC cilia cytoplasm (cytosol) cytoskeleton endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth) Golgi body lysosomes microvilli mitochondria nucleolus nucleus peroxisomes ribosome (free and bound) vacuoles/vesicles |
Cell Membranes and Cell Transport
Learning Targets (Lecture)
- I can describe the molecular structure of the cell membrane and relate these structures to the membrane's selective permeability.
- I can compare and contrast types of cell transport (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, bulk transport) based on energy use, concentration gradient, molecule size, molecule polarity, and charge.
- I can... demonstrate the process of diffusion and identify examples of diffusion.
- I can... demonstrate the process of osmosis and identify examples of osmosis, including what happens to cells in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions.
Resources - Cell Membranes and Cell Transport
Resources - Osmosis |
Vocabulary - Cell Membranes
channel proteins and carrier proteins cholesterol fluid mosaic model glycerol head and fatty acid tails glycoproteins and glycolipids hydrophobic and hydrophilic peripheral proteins phospholipid / phospholipid bilayer semipermeable (selectively permeable) transmembrane proteins Vocabulary - Cell Transport active vs. passive transport concentration gradient cotransport dynamic equilibrium endocytosis and exocytosis ion pump pinocytosis vs. phagocytosis proton pump simple vs. facilitated diffusion Vocabulary - Osmosis aquaporin hypertonic / hypotonic / isotonic osmosis |
Cell Cycle
Learning Target
- I can… describe, identify, and sketch the phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, and G2 of interphase; Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase of Mitosis; and Cytokinesis) including the relevant structures in the cell (spindle fibers/mitotic spindles, sister chromatids/chromosomes, kinetochores, asters, centrioles/centrosome).
Resources
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Vocabulary - Cell Cycle
anaphase centromere and kinetochore centrosome / centriole / MTOC chromatin cleavage furrow cytokinesis diploid (2n) G1 phase G2 phase interphase metaphase plate mitosis mitotic spindles (microtubules) prophase S phase sister chromatids somatic cell telophase |
Topic 3: Tissues
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Tissues
Learning Target
- I can... define histology.
Resources
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Vocabulary - Tissues
histology tissue |
Epithelial Tissue
Learning Targets
- I can… sketch, label, differentiate, indicate an example location, and indicate an example function of each of the major types of epithelial tissue.
Resources
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Vocabulary - Epithelial Tissue
apical domain basement membrane (basal lamina) desmosomes gap junctions hemidesmosomes lateral surface tight junctions Types of Epithelium
Vocabulary - Glands exocrine vs. endocrine glands merocrine vs. apocrine vs. holocrine secretion simple vs. compound glands tubular vs. acinar/alveolar glands |
Connective Tissue
Learning Target
- I can… sketch, label, differentiate, indicate an example location, and indicate an example function of each of the major types of connective tissue.
Vocabulary - Connective Tissue
-blasts, -cytes, and -clasts collagen fibers elastic fibers reticular fibers Types of Connective Tissue Loose Connective Tissue
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Muscle and Nervous Tissue
Learning Target
- I can… sketch, label, differentiate, indicate an example location, and indicate an example function of each type of muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
Resources
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Vocabulary - Muscle Tissue
cardiac muscle intercalated disks muscle fiber skeletal muscle striation smooth muscle Vocabulary - Nervous Tissue axon cell body dendrites glia neuron |
Tissue Membranes
Learning Targets
Vocabulary - Tissue Membranes
goblet cells mucous membranes serous fluid and serous membranes skin (cutaneous membrane) synovial fluid and synovial membranes |
Topic 4: Integumentary System
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Skin
Learning Targets
Vocabulary - Skin
albinism callus cleavage lines dermal papillae dermis epidermis hypodermis keratinocyte and keratin melanocyte, melanosomes, and melanin stratum basale stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum lucidum stratum spinosum subcutaneous tissue |
Accessory Organs
Learning Targets
Reosurces - Accessory Organs
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Vocabulary - Accessory Organs
acne arrector pili hair follicle hair medulla, cortex, and cuticle hair papilla hair shaft, root, and bulb lunula nail bed and nail matrix nail body, cuticle, and root sebaceous gland and sebum sweat glands (eccrine and apocrine) |
Burns and Skin Cancer
Learning Targets
Resources - Burns
Resources - Skin Cancer |
Vocabulary - Burns
edema first-degree burn second-degree burn third-degree burn Vocabulary - Skin Cancer basal cell carinoma melanoma squamous cell carcinoma |
Topic 5: Skeletal System
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Bone Tissue
Learning Target
- I can... identify, describe, and contrast compact bone tissue and spongy bone tissue using microscopy.
Vocabulary - Bone Tissue
compact/cortical bone lamellae osteon spongy/trabecular/cancellous bone trabeculae |
Organization of the Skeletal System
Learning Targets
- I can... locate and label the major bones of the human skeleton.
- I can... distinguish between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
- I can... associate the terms used to describe skeletal structures and locate examples of such structures on the human skeleton.
Joints
Topic 6: Muscular System
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Resources - Muscular System
- Bozeman Science: The Muscular System
- Crash Course A&P #21: Muscles, part 1
- Crash Course A&P #22: Muscles, part 2
- McGraw-Hill Animation: Muscle Contraction Process
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Muscle Structure and Function
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Sarcomere Structure
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Neuromuscular Junction, Neuromuscular Transmission
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Neuromuscular Junction, Excitation Contraction Coupling
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Neuromuscular Junction, Sliding Filament Theory
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Neuromuscular Junction, Pathologies
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Smooth Muscle
- TED-Ed: How your muscular system works
- TED-Ed: What makes muscles grow?
- TED-Ed: The benefits of good posture
Topic 7: Nervous System
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Functions of the Nervous System
Resources - Nervous System
Action Potentials
Resources - Nervous System
Brain
Vocabulary
brainstem cerebellum cerebrum medulla oblongata |
Spinal Cord
Resources - Spinal Cord
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Vocabulary
anterior/ventral columns anterior/ventral horn central canal gray matter lateral columns lateral horn posterior/dorsal column posterior/columns horn white matter |
Cranial Nerves
Resources - Cranial Nerves
Other
Topic 8: Senses
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Resources - Senses, Taste and Smell
Resources - Hearing and Balance
Resources - Vision
- Crash Course A&P #18: Vision
- Exploratorium: Cow Eye Dissection
- TED-Ed: What are those floating things in your eyes?
- TED-Ed: How does laser eye surgery work?
- We the Curious: Eyeball Dissection
Topic 9: Endocrine System
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Resources - Endocrine System (General)
Resources - Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
Resources - Thyroid Gland
Resources - Parathyroid
Resources - Adrenal Glands
Resources - Pancreas
Resources - Reproductive Hormones
Resources - Pineal Gland
- Amoeba Sisters: Homeostasis and Positive/Negative Feedback
- Bozeman Science: The Endocrine System
- Crash Course A&P #23: Endocrine System, Part 1 (Glands and Hormones)
- Crash Course A&P #24: Endocrine System, Part 2 (Hormone Cascades)
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Overview of the Endocrine System
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Endocrine Glands and Cells
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Endocrine System vs. Nervous System
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Control of Hormone Release
- Human Anatomy Education: Histology of Endocrine Glands
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Endocrine Receptor Pathways
- Project Neuron: Endocrine System
- TED-Ed: How do your hormones work?
- Virtual Histology Laboratory: Endocrine Glands
Resources - Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Hypothalamaic Pituitary Axis
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Anterior Pituitary Gland
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Gonadotropins (Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Hypothalamus Anatomy and Function
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Hypothalamus and Posterior Pituitary Gland
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Oxytocin
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Hypothalamus and Anterior Pituitary Gland
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Growth Hormone
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Prolactin
Resources - Thyroid Gland
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Thyroid Gland Anatomy
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Thyroid Gland and Hormones
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Thyroid Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Synthesis of Thyroid Hormone
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Targets of Thyroid Hormone
- Simple Nursing: Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism
- TED-Ed: How does your thyroid affect your metabolism?
Resources - Parathyroid
Resources - Adrenal Glands
- Bozeman Science: Fight or Flight Response
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adrenal Gland Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adrenal Gland, Zona Glomerulosa
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adrenal Gland, Zona Fasciculata
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adrenal Gland, Zona Reticularis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adrenal Gland, Adrenal Medulla
- TED-Ed: How stress affects your body
- TED-Ed: How stress affects your brain
Resources - Pancreas
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Insulin Secretion
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Pancreas Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Glucagon
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Insulin
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
- Hyperinsulinism in goldfish (lab video)
- Hyperinsulinism clip from Steel Magnolias (1989)
- TED-Ed: What does the pancreas do?
Resources - Reproductive Hormones
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Female Reproductive Cycle Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Ovulation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Menstral Cycle
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Male Reproductive System
Resources - Pineal Gland
Topic 10: Cardiovascular System
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Resources - Cardiovascular System (General)
- Amoeba Sisters: Cardiovascular System
- Bozeman Science: Circulatory System
- Science Music Videos: Circulatory System Rap
Blood
Resources - Blood Cells and Blood Composition
Resources - Hemoglobin and Blood Oxygen
Resources - Blood Clotting and Hemostasis
Resources - Diagnostic Blood Tests
- Blood Music Video
- Crash Course A&P #29: Blood, Part 1
- Crash Course A&P #30: Blood, Part 2
- John Thomas: Blood Composition
- John Thomas: Plasma
- John Thomas: Red Blood Cell Function
- John Thomas: White Blood Cell Overview
- John Thomas: 9 White Blood Cell Types and Functions
- John Thomas: Blood Cancers
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Hematocrit
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Erythropoiesis (RBC formation)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Erythropoiesis (RBC lifespan and destruction)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Leukopoiesis (WBC formation)
- PBS Eons: How Blood Evolved (just for fun)
- TED-Ed: How bones make blood
- TED-Ed: What is leukemia?
Resources - Hemoglobin and Blood Oxygen
- HHMI: Malaria and sickle cell anemia (just for fun)
- Khan Academy: Fetal hemoglobin and hematocrit
- Khan Academy: Oxygen content
- Medicosis Perfectionalis: Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
- Neural Academy: Hemoglobin and Myoglobin
- TED-Ed: Oxygen's surprisingly complex journey through the body
- TED-Ed: Sickle cell anemia
Resources - Blood Clotting and Hemostasis
- John Thomas: Platelet Function
- Medicosis Perfectionalis: Platelets (Thrombocytes)
- Medicosis Perfectionalis: Thrombocytosis (high platelet count)
- Medicosis Perfectionalis: Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Hemostasis
Resources - Diagnostic Blood Tests
Blood Types
Learning Targets
- I can... explain the fundamentals of the ABO blood group and possible adverse reactions from transfusions.
- I can... analyze the basis and importance of the Rh blood factor.
- I can... interpret the ABO and Rh blood types of a blood sample.
Resources
Heart
Learning Targets
Blood Vessels
Resources - Blood Vessels and Circulation
- Crash Course A&P #27: Blood Vessels, Part 1
- Crash Course A&P #28: Blood Vessels, Part 2
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Blood Vessel Characteristics
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Tunic Layers and Types of Capillaries
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Microcirculation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Fundamentals of Blood Pressure
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Pulmonary Circulation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Coronary Circulation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries and Veins of the Head and Neck (model)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries of the Head and Neck (Flow Chart)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Veins of the Head and Neck (Flow Chart)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries and Veins of the Upper and Lower Limbs (wire model)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries and Veins of the Upper Limb (vascular arm model)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries of the Upper Limb (flow chart)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries of the Lower Limb (flow chart)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Arteries of the Thorax and Abdomen (torso model)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Veins of the Thorax and Abdomen (torso model)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Veins of the Thorax, Abdomen, and Lower Limb (flow chart)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Liver Circulation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Pancreas Circulation
- TED-Ed: How blood pressure works
- We the Curious: Why are your veins blue?
Topic 11: Lymphatic and Immune Systems
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Resources - Lymphatic System
Resources - Immune System
Resources - Antibiotics and Bacteria
Resources - Vaccines and Viruses
Resources - Immune System
- Amoeba Sisters: Immune System
- TED-Ed: How does your immune system work?
- TED-Ed: How pandemics spread
- Bozeman Science: The Immune System
- Crash Course Biology #32: Your Immune System, Natural Born Killer
- Crash Course A&P #45: Immune System, Part 1
- Crash Course A&P #46: Immune System, Part 2
- Crash Course A&P #47: Immune System, Part 3
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Immune System Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Inflammation, Vascular Events
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Inflammation, Cellular Events
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Inflammation, Complement Proteins
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Inflammation, Receptors and Interferons
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Adaptive Immunity
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Antibody Structure and Function
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: T-cell Development
- SciShow: 6 Diseases That Have Shaped Human History
- Kurzgesagt: Tiny Bombs in Your Blood - The Complement System
Resources - Antibiotics and Bacteria
- TED-Ed: What causes antibiotic resistance?
- Kurzgesagt: The Immune System Explained - Bacteria Infection
- Kurzgesagt: Antibiotic Apocalypse Explained
Resources - Vaccines and Viruses
- Amoeba Sisters: Antibiotics, Antivirals, and Vaccines
- TED-Ed: How do vaccines work?
- TED-Ed: Cell vs. virus: A battle for health
- TED-Ed: How we conquered the deadly smallpox virus
- TED-Ed: Why it’s so hard to cure HIV/AIDS
- Kurzgesagt: The Deadliest Being on Planet Earth - The Bacteriophage
- Kurzgesagt: Ebola Virus Explained
- Kurzgesagt: Coronavirus Explained
Topic 12: Respiratory System
BIO 163
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BIO 169
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Resources - Respiratory System
- Bozeman Science: Respiratory System
- Crash Course A&P #31: Respiratory System, Part 1
- Crash Course A&P #32: Respiratory System, Part 2
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Parts of the Respiratory System
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Functional Anatomy of Respiratory Tract
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Gas Transport
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Lung Volumes and Capacities
- TED-Ed: How do lungs work?
- TED-Ed: How Breathing Works
- TED-Ed: Oxygen's Surprising Journey
- TED-Ed: How does asthma work?
- TED-Ed: How do ventilators work?
- TED-Ed: How do cigarettes affect the body?
- McGraw-Hill Animation: How Lungs Work
- Visible Body: Virtual Tour of the Lungs
- We the Curious: Lung Dissection
Topic 13: Digestive System
BIO 163
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BIO 169
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Resources - Digestive System (General)
Resources - Digestion
Resources - Liver and Gallbladder
Resources - Pancreas
- Amoeba Sisters: Digestive System
- Bozeman Science: Digestive System
- Crash Course A&P #33: Digestive System, Part 1
- Crash Course A&P #34: Digestive System, Part 2
- Crash Course A&P #35: Digestive System, Part 3
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Overview of the Digestive System
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Gastrointestinal Tract Histology
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: What is the gastrointestinal tract?
- McGraw-Hill Animation: Digestive System
Resources - Digestion
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Digestion and Transport of Lipids
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Swallowing
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Anatomy of the Teeth
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Salivation
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Degluttination (Swallowing)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Digestion and Absorption of Lipids
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Digestion and Absorption of Proteins
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Gastric Secretion, Cephalic and Gastric Phase
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Gastric Secretion, Intestinal Phase
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: GI Motility of the Esophagus and Stomach
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: GI Motility of the Small Intestine
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: GI Motility of the Large Intestine
Resources - Liver and Gallbladder
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Liver Gross Anatomy
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Jaundice
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Bile Synthesis and Function
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Liver Circulation and Portal Hypertension
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Liver Histology
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Liver Metabolism, Protein Synthesis, and Storage
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Xenobiotic Metabolism
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Bile Synthesis
- TED-Ed: What does the liver do?
Resources - Pancreas
Resources - Metabolism and Nutrition
Topic 14: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Thermoregulation
BIO 163
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BIO 169
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Nutrition
Nutrition
Metabolism
Metabolism
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Metabolism Overview
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Metabolism
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Glycogenesis and Glycogenolysis
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Gluconeogenesis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Glycolysis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Regulation of Glycolysis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Transition Stage
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Regulation of the Transition Stage
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Kreb's Cycle
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Electron Transport Chain (Overview)
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Glycogenesis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Glycogenolysis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Gluconeogenesis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Regulation of Gluconeogenesis
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Amino Acid Metabolism
Thermoregulation
Thermoregulation
Topic 15: Urinary System
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Kidney Structure
Learning Targets
- I can... identify the structures of a kidney and associated urinary organs and their general functions.
Resources
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Vocabulary
fibrous capsule major calyx minor calyx renal column renal cortex renal hilum renal medulla renal papilla renal pelvis renal pyramid |
Urine Production (Filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion)
Learning Targets
- I can... identify and sketch the structures of a nephron.
- I can... trace the path of filtrate through a renal nephron.
Resources
- 5MinuteSchool: Movement of Filtrate through Nephron
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Nephron Components
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Urine Formation
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Filtration Membranes of the Glomerulus
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
- Dr. Matt and Dr. Mike: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion Overview
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Glomerular Filtration
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Loop of Henle
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: Distal Convoluted Tubule
- Ninja Nerd Lectures: The Collecting Duct
Blood Flow through the Kidney
Learning Target
- I can... trace the path of blood through the renal blood vessels.
Vocabulary - Path of Blood through Kidneys
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Regulation of Urine Concentration and Volume
Resources - Regulation of Urine Concentration and Volume
Ureters, Urinary Bladders, and Urethras
Learning Targets
- I can... identify and sketch the structures of a ureter and a urinary bladder wall.
- I can... trace the path of urine flow through the urinary system after leaving the kidney.
- I can... compare and contrast the urinary systems of typically-developing male and female adults.
Vocabulary - Path of Filtrate/Urine
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Urinalysis
Learning Targets
- I can... perform and interpret the results of a urinalysis using a commercial test strip.
Water/Electrolyte Balance
Resources - Water and Electrolytes
Acid/Base Balance
Resources - Acid-Base Balance
Topic 16: Reproductive Systems
BIO 163
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BIO 169
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Meiosis
Learning Targets
- I can... describe the process of meiosis and relate meiosis to the production of genetically diverse offspring.
- I can... compare and contrast the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Female Reproductive System
Learning Targets
- I can... locate, identify, and label the organs of the female reproductive system and their structures.
- I can... describe the functions of the female reproductive system.
Resources
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Vocabulary
cervix (cervical canal and external os) clitoris endometrium fimbriae fornix (of the vagina) hymen infundibulum labium minus and labium majus ligaments (ovarian, round, broad, suspensory) myometrium ovary ovulation perimetrium peritoneum rectouterine pouch uterine tubes (oviducts, fallopian tubes) uterus (including fundus, body, and wall) vagina |
Male Reproductive System
Learning Targets
- I can... locate, identify, and label the organs of the male reproductive system and their structures.
- I can... trace the sequence of structures responsible for sperm production and ejaculation.
Resources
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Vocabulary
bulbourethral gland corpus cavernosum corpus spongiosum ductus deferens efferent ductule ejaculatory duct epididymus glans penis Leydig cells (interstitial cells) prostate gland rete testis scrotum seminal vesicle seminiferous tubules spermatic cord spermatagonia testes urethra (prostatic, membranous, spongy) |
Sex, Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Development
Learning Targets
- I can... describe the process of fertilization and the early developmental stages of a human.
- I can... identify the maternal and fetal structures associated with the early developmental stages of a human.
Resources
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Vocabulary
allantois amnion, amniotic cavity, and amniotic fluid blastula and blastocyst chorion chorionic villi cleavage embryo endoderm exoderm fetus fertilization implantation gastrula and gastrulation germ layer mesoderm morula placenta umbilical cord yolk sac zygote |
Topic 17: Genetics
BIO 163
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BIO 169
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Mendelian Inheritance
Learning Targets
Resources
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Learning Targets
Resources
Sex Determination and Sex-Linked Traits
Learning Targets
- I can... compare and contrast the inheritance patterns of autosomal traits and sex-linked traits.
- I can... solve genetics problems involving X-linked recessive traits.